CEA, I2BM, Service de Recherches en Hemato-Immunologie, 75475 Paris, France.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2011 Feb;68(3):353-68. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0579-0. Epub 2010 Nov 30.
The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G was initially shown to play a major role in feto-maternal tolerance. Since this discovery, it has been established that HLA-G is a tolerogenic molecule which participates to the control of the immune response. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on (1) the multiple structures of HLA-G, which are closely associated with their role in the inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity, (2) the factors that regulate the expression of HLA-G and its receptors, (3) the mechanism of action of HLA-G at the immunological synapse and through trogocytosis, and (4) the generation of suppressive cells through HLA-G. Moreover, we also review recent findings on the non-immunological functions of HLA-G in erythropoiesis and angiogenesis.
非经典 HLA I 类分子 HLA-G 最初被证明在胎母免疫耐受中起主要作用。自这一发现以来,已经确定 HLA-G 是一种耐受原性分子,参与控制免疫反应。在这篇综述中,我们总结了 HLA-G 的(1)多种结构,这些结构与它抑制 NK 细胞细胞毒性的作用密切相关,(2)调节 HLA-G 及其受体表达的因素,(3)HLA-G 在免疫突触和通过胞饮作用发挥作用的机制,以及(4)通过 HLA-G 产生抑制性细胞的机制等方面的最新进展。此外,我们还回顾了 HLA-G 在红细胞生成和血管生成中的非免疫功能的最新发现。