Geriatric Medicine Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2011 Apr;11(2):133-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2010.00668.x. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
Vitamin D, a secosteroid (pro)-hormone, has been traditionally considered as a key regulator of bone metabolism, and calcium and phosphorous homeostasis through a negative feedback with the parathyroid hormone. However, during the last 20 years, the role played by vitamin D has been largely revised by recognizing its pleiotropic action on a wide spectrum of systems, apparatuses and tissues. Thus, vitamin D has growingly been involved as a primary determinant of biological modifications and specific clinical conditions. The effect of vitamin D on skeletal muscle and related outcomes (including physical function decline and disability) is surely one of the most relevant to study in the context of global aging. In the present review, the subclinical and clinical consequences of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, extremely frequent conditions in older age, are described. Special focus is given to skeletal muscle and physical function. Limitations of available scientific evidence on the topic are also discussed.
维生素 D 是一种甾体（前）激素，传统上被认为是通过与甲状旁腺激素的负反馈来调节骨骼代谢和钙磷稳态的关键激素。然而，在过去的 20 年中，通过认识到其在广泛的系统、器官和组织中的多效作用，维生素 D 的作用已经被大大修正。因此，维生素 D 越来越被认为是生物变化和特定临床状况的主要决定因素。维生素 D 对骨骼肌肉和相关结果（包括身体功能下降和残疾）的影响无疑是在全球老龄化背景下最值得研究的课题之一。在本综述中，描述了在老年人群中极其常见的维生素 D 缺乏/不足的亚临床和临床后果。特别关注骨骼肌肉和身体功能。还讨论了关于该主题的现有科学证据的局限性。
