Trachsel Manuel, Krieger Tobias, Gilbert Paul, Grosse Holtforth Martin
Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Depress Res Treat. 2010;2010:501782. doi: 10.1155/2010/501782. Epub 2010 Nov 4.
The construct of entrapment is used in evolutionary theory to explain the etiology of depression. The perception of entrapment can emerge when defeated individuals want to escape but are incapable. Studies have shown relationships of entrapment to depression, and suicidal tendencies. The aim of this study was a psychometric evaluation and validation of the Entrapment Scale in German (ES-D). 540 normal subjects completed the ES-D along with other measures of depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and distress. Good reliability and validity of the ES-D was demonstrated. Further, whereas entrapment originally has been regarded as a two-dimensional construct, our analyses supported a single-factor model. Entrapment explained variance in depressive symptoms beyond that explained by stress and hopelessness supporting the relevance of the construct for depression research. These findings are discussed with regard to their theoretical implications as well as to the future use of the entrapment scale in clinical research and practice.
在进化理论中,被困这一概念被用于解释抑郁症的病因。当受挫个体想要逃避却无能为力时,就会产生被困的感觉。研究表明被困与抑郁及自杀倾向之间存在关联。本研究的目的是对德语版被困量表(ES-D)进行心理测量评估和验证。540名正常受试者完成了ES-D以及其他抑郁症状、绝望感和痛苦程度的测量。结果表明ES-D具有良好的信度和效度。此外,尽管被困最初被视为一个二维概念,但我们的分析支持单因素模型。被困解释了抑郁症状中的变异,其程度超过了压力和绝望所解释的变异,这支持了该概念在抑郁症研究中的相关性。我们将结合这些发现的理论意义以及被困量表在临床研究和实践中的未来应用进行讨论。