Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2010 Dec;38(8):1041-8. doi: 10.3758/MC.38.8.1041.
In the present study, we investigated whether a strong default categorical bias can be overcome in spatial memory by using alternative membership information. In three experiments, we tested location memory in a circular space while providing participants with an alternative categorization. We found that visual presentation of the boundaries of the alternative categories (Experiment 1) did not induce the use of the alternative categories in estimation. In contrast, visual cuing of the alternative category membership of a target (Experiment 2) and unique target feature information associated with each alternative category (Experiment 3) successfully led to the use of the alternative categories in estimation. Taken together, the results indicate that default categorical bias in spatial memory can be overcome when appropriate cues are provided. We discuss how these findings expand the category adjustment model (Huttenlocher, Hedges, & Duncan, 1991) in spatial memory by proposing a retrieval-based category adjustment (RCA) model.
在本研究中，我们探讨了在空间记忆中是否可以通过使用替代的成员信息来克服强烈的默认类别偏见。在三个实验中，我们在圆形空间中测试了位置记忆，同时为参与者提供了替代分类。我们发现，替代类别边界的视觉呈现（实验 1）并没有诱导替代类别在估计中的使用。相比之下，目标的替代类别成员的视觉提示（实验 2）和与每个替代类别相关联的独特目标特征信息（实验 3）成功地导致了替代类别在估计中的使用。总的来说，这些结果表明，当提供适当的线索时，可以克服空间记忆中的默认类别偏见。我们讨论了这些发现如何通过提出基于检索的类别调整（RCA）模型来扩展空间记忆中的类别调整模型（Huttenlocher、Hedges 和 Duncan，1991）。
