Gianni Testino, Paolo Borro, Department of Specialist Medicine, S. Martino Hospital, 16136 Genova, Italy.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2010 Aug 15;2(8):322-5. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v2.i8.322.
Results from several large epidemiological studies have firmly established that alcohol is associated with elevated cancer incidence and mortality. Recently the International Agency for Cancer Research stated that acetaldehyde associated with alcoholic beverages is carcinogenic to humans and confirmed the Group 1 classification of alcohol consumption and of ethanol in alcoholic beverages. Alcohol consumption causes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, colorectum, liver, pancreas and female breast. The frequency of most alcohol-induced diseases increases in a linear fashion as intake increases: oral, oesophagus and colon cancer fall into this pattern. Very little is known about safe margins of alcohol consumption. US Department of Health and Human Services suggest a maximum of 28 g of alcohol a day in man and half of this in women.
几项大型流行病学研究的结果已经明确确立，酒精与癌症发病率和死亡率升高有关。最近，国际癌症研究机构表示，与酒精饮料相关的乙醛对人类具有致癌性，并确认了酒精摄入和酒精饮料中乙醇的第 1 组分类。酒精消费会导致口腔、咽、喉、食管、结肠、直肠、肝、胰腺和女性乳房的癌症。随着摄入量的增加，大多数与酒精相关疾病的发生频率呈线性增加：口腔癌、食管癌和结肠癌就属于这种模式。关于安全饮酒量，我们知之甚少。美国卫生与公众服务部建议男性每天摄入的酒精量不超过 28 克，女性则减半。
