International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition & Metabolism Section, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
Future Oncol. 2013 Sep;9(9):1315-22. doi: 10.2217/fon.13.94.
This review presents an overview of the impact of alcohol consumption on cancer risk. Results from the 2009 International Agency for Research on Cancer monograph as well as the most recent meta-analyses and epidemiological studies are considered. Alcohol consumption is one of the most important known risk factors for human cancer and potentially one of the most avoidable factors, but it is increasing worldwide. Ethanol in alcoholic beverages is carcinogenic to humans and causes several cancers (oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, colorectum, liver and female breast). Cumulative lifetime consumption, frequency and drinking pattern appear to play a role in risk characterization. While the role of heavy drinking has been long recognized, new evidence suggests that light consumption (up to one drink/day) is also associated with adverse effects. In addition, some genetic polymorphisms interact with alcohol metabolism and may modify its impact.
这篇综述介绍了酒精摄入对癌症风险的影响。考虑了 2009 年国际癌症研究机构专论以及最近的荟萃分析和流行病学研究的结果。酒精摄入是已知的人类癌症最重要的危险因素之一，也是最可避免的因素之一，但它在全球范围内呈上升趋势。酒精饮料中的乙醇对人类具有致癌性，可引起多种癌症（口腔、咽、喉、食管、结直肠、肝和女性乳房）。累积终生摄入量、频率和饮酒模式似乎在风险特征中起作用。虽然大量饮酒的作用早已被认识，但新的证据表明，轻度饮酒（每天最多一杯）也与不良影响有关。此外，一些遗传多态性与酒精代谢相互作用，可能改变其影响。
