Jacobson J L, Jacobson S W, Humphrey H E
Psychology Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):319-26. doi: 10.1016/0892-0362(90)90050-m.
Two hundred thirty-six children from two established cohorts at risk for exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and related contaminants were evaluated at age 4 years. Prenatal exposure (assessed by cord serum PCB level) was associated with lower weight, an effect consistent with reports of growth retardation in laboratory rats and in children exposed at high levels in Taiwan and at general population levels in Japan. The highest exposed children weighed 1.8 kg less on the average than the least exposed. Contemporary body burden (assessed by 4-year serum PCB level) was associated with reduced activity based on composite ratings provided by the child's mother and two independent examiners. This effect, attributable to lactation exposure, was strongest among the offspring of women with above average milk PCB levels who breast fed for at least 1 year. While the weight deficit is consistent with previous data linking developmental effects of low-dose human PCB exposures specifically to the prenatal period, activity is the first domain found to be affected by lactation at contemporary levels of exposure.
对来自两个既定队列、有接触多氯联苯（PCBs）及相关污染物风险的236名儿童在4岁时进行了评估。产前接触（通过脐带血清中多氯联苯水平评估）与较低体重有关，这一效应与实验室大鼠以及台湾地区高暴露水平儿童和日本一般人群水平儿童生长发育迟缓的报告一致。暴露程度最高的儿童平均比暴露程度最低的儿童轻1.8千克。根据孩子母亲和两名独立检查人员提供的综合评分，当代体内负荷（通过4岁时血清多氯联苯水平评估）与活动减少有关。这种因哺乳期接触导致的效应在母乳中多氯联苯水平高于平均水平且母乳喂养至少1年的女性后代中最为明显。虽然体重不足与之前将低剂量人类多氯联苯暴露的发育影响具体与产前时期联系起来的数据一致，但活动是在当代暴露水平下首个被发现受哺乳期影响的领域。
