Kim Yong Joo
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
Korean J Pediatr. 2010 Sep;53(9):817-23. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2010.53.9.817. Epub 2010 Sep 13.
Gastrointestinal and colonic endoscopic examinations have been performed in pediatric patients in Korea for 3 decades. Endoscopic procedures are complex and may be unsafe if special concerns are not considered. Many things have to be kept in mind before, during, and after the procedure. Gastrointestinal endoscopy is one of the most frequently performed procedure in children nowadays, Since the dimension size of the endoscopy was modified for pediatric patients 15 years ago, endoscopic procedures are almost performed routinely in pediatric gastrointestinal patients. The smaller size of the scope let the physicians approach the diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures. But this is an invasive procedure, so the procedure itself may provoke an emergence state. The procedure-related complications can more easily occur in pediatric patients. Sedation-related or procedure-related respiratory, cardiovascular complications are mostly important and critical in the care. The endoscopists are required to consider diverse aspects of the procedure - patient preparation, indications and contraindications, infection controls, sedation methods, sedative medicines and the side effects of each medicine, monitoring during and after the procedure, and complications related with the procedure and medicines - to perform the procedure successfully and safely. This article presents some important guidelines and recommendations for gastrointestinal endoscopy through literature review.
在韩国，儿科患者进行胃肠和结肠内镜检查已有30年历史。内镜检查程序复杂，如果不考虑特殊注意事项，可能不安全。在检查前、检查期间和检查后，有许多事项需要牢记。如今，胃肠内镜检查是儿童中最常进行的检查之一。自15年前为儿科患者调整内镜尺寸以来，内镜检查几乎已成为儿科胃肠疾病患者的常规检查。较小尺寸的内镜使医生能够进行诊断性和治疗性内镜检查。但这是一种侵入性检查，因此检查本身可能引发紧急情况。与检查相关的并发症在儿科患者中更容易发生。镇静相关或检查相关的呼吸、心血管并发症在护理中最为重要且危急。内镜医师需要考虑检查的各个方面——患者准备、适应证和禁忌证、感染控制、镇静方法、镇静药物及其各自的副作用、检查期间和检查后的监测，以及与检查和药物相关的并发症——以成功、安全地进行检查。本文通过文献综述提出了一些关于胃肠内镜检查的重要指南和建议。
