Departments of Geology and GeophysicsBiology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USACollege of Earth, Ocean and the Environment, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USADepartment of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2011 Jan;13(1):172-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02318.x.
Studies on the microbial communities of deep subsurface sediments have indicated the presence of Bacteria and Archaea throughout the sediment column. Microbial eukaryotes could also be present in deep-sea subsurface sediments; either bacterivorous protists or eukaryotes capable of assimilating buried organic carbon. DNA- and RNA-based clone library analyses are used here to examine the microbial eukaryotic diversity and identify the potentially active members in deep-sea sediment cores of the Peru Margin and the Peru Trench. We compared surface communities with those much deeper in the same cores, and compared cores from different sites. Fungal sequences were most often recovered from both DNA- and RNA-based clone libraries, with variable overall abundances of different sequence types and different dominant clone types in the RNA-based and the DNA-based libraries. Surficial sediment communities were different from each other and from the deep subsurface samples. Some fungal sequences represented potentially novel organisms as well as ones with a cosmopolitan distribution in terrestrial, fresh and salt water environments. Our results indicate that fungi are the most consistently detected eukaryotes in the marine sedimentary subsurface; further, some species may be specifically adapted to the deep subsurface and may play important roles in the utilization and recycling of nutrients.
对深海沉积物中微生物群落的研究表明，整个沉积柱中都存在细菌和古菌。微生物真核生物也可能存在于深海海底沉积物中；要么是食细菌原生动物，要么是能够同化埋藏有机碳的真核生物。本文使用 DNA 和 RNA 为基础的克隆文库分析来研究深海沉积物核心中微生物真核生物的多样性，并确定潜在的活性成员。我们比较了秘鲁边缘和秘鲁海沟同一岩芯中较浅和较深的表层群落，并比较了来自不同地点的岩芯。真菌序列最常从 DNA 和 RNA 为基础的克隆文库中回收，不同序列类型的总体丰度和 RNA 文库和 DNA 文库中的优势克隆类型各不相同。表层沉积物群落彼此之间以及与深部亚表层样本不同。一些真菌序列代表了潜在的新生物，以及在陆地、淡水和咸水环境中具有世界性分布的生物。我们的结果表明，真菌是海洋沉积物亚表层中最常检测到的真核生物；此外，一些物种可能专门适应深海环境，并可能在营养物质的利用和循环中发挥重要作用。
