Naaz I, Wani R, Najar M S, Banday K, Baba K M, Jeelani H
Department of Pathology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
Indian J Nephrol. 2010 Oct;20(4):211-3. doi: 10.4103/0971-4065.73451.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) involves glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular compartments of the kidney. The most common glomerular lesion is HIV-associated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and related mesangiopathies collectively termed HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). A variety of immune-complex mediated glomerular diseases such as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), IgA nephropathy, and lupus-like glomerulonephritis also occur. HIVAN is restricted to patients presenting with proteinuria and progressive reduction of renal function and with distinctive but not pathognomonic pathology (FSGS often coexisting with glomerular collapse and tubular microcystic dilatations). The worldwide incidence of collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) in HIV-positive patients is high in Americans. But in India and other Asian countries, other forms of kidney diseases are more commonly seen. We report the first case of CG in the state of Jammu and Kashmir which also happens to be a very low incidence belt for HIV.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）可累及肾脏的肾小球、肾小管间质和血管部分。最常见的肾小球病变是HIV相关的局灶节段性肾小球硬化（FSGS）以及相关的系膜病变，统称为HIV相关性肾病（HIVAN）。各种免疫复合物介导的肾小球疾病，如膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MPGN）、IgA肾病和狼疮样肾小球肾炎也会发生。HIVAN仅限于出现蛋白尿和肾功能进行性减退且具有独特但非特异性病理学表现（FSGS常与肾小球塌陷和肾小管微囊性扩张并存）的患者。在美国，HIV阳性患者中塌陷性肾小球病（CG）的全球发病率较高。但在印度和其他亚洲国家，其他形式的肾脏疾病更为常见。我们报告了查谟和克什米尔邦首例CG病例，而该邦恰好也是HIV发病率极低的地区。
