Maternal Child and Adolescent Center for Infectious Diseases and Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2011 Mar;8(1):12-22. doi: 10.1007/s11904-010-0071-3.
World-wide, hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for approximately 130 million chronic infections, with an overall 3% prevalence. Four to 5 million persons are co-infected with HIV. It is well established that HIV has a negative impact on the natural history of HCV, including a higher rate of viral persistence, increased viral load, and more rapid progression to fibrosis, end-stage liver disease, and death. Whether HCV has a negative impact on HIV disease progression continues to be debated. However, following the introduction of effective combination antiretroviral therapy, the survival of coinfected individuals has significantly improved and HCV-associated diseases have emerged as the most important co-morbidities. In this review, we summarize the newest studies regarding the pathogenesis of HIV/HCV coinfection, including effects of coinfection on HIV disease progression, HCV-associated liver disease, the immune system, kidney and cardiovascular disease, and neurologic status; and effectiveness of current anti-HIV and HCV therapies and proposed new treatment strategies.
在全球范围内，丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 导致约 1.3 亿人慢性感染，总体流行率为 3%。有 400 万至 500 万人同时感染 HIV。HIV 对 HCV 的自然史有负面影响，包括更高的病毒持续存在率、更高的病毒载量以及更快进展为纤维化、终末期肝病和死亡，这一点已得到充分证实。HIV 疾病进展是否受到 HCV 的负面影响仍存在争议。然而，随着有效联合抗逆转录病毒疗法的引入，合并感染个体的存活率显著提高，HCV 相关疾病已成为最重要的合并症。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于 HIV/HCV 合并感染发病机制的最新研究，包括合并感染对 HIV 疾病进展、HCV 相关肝病、免疫系统、肾脏和心血管疾病以及神经状态的影响；以及目前抗 HIV 和抗 HCV 治疗的效果和提出的新治疗策略。
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