Centre for Muscle and Bone Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Apr;110(4):926-34. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01105.2010. Epub 2011 Jan 13.
As part of the 2nd Berlin BedRest Study (BBR2-2), we investigated the pattern of muscle atrophy of the postero-lateral hip and hamstring musculature during prolonged inactivity and the effectiveness of two exercise countermeasures. Twenty-four male subjects underwent 60 days of head-down tilt bedrest and were assigned to an inactive control (CTR), resistive vibration exercise (RVE), or resistive exercise alone (RE) group. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hip and thigh was taken before, during, and at end of bedrest. Volume of posterolateral hip and hamstring musculature was calculated, and the rate of muscle atrophy and the effect of countermeasure exercises were examined. After 60 days of bedrest, the CTR group showed differential rates of muscle volume loss (F = 21.44; P ≤ 0.0001) with fastest losses seen in the semi-membranosus, quadratus femoris and biceps femoris long head followed by the gluteal and remaining hamstring musculature. Whole body vibration did not appear to have an additional effect above resistive exercise in preserving muscle volume. RE and RVE prevented and/or reduced muscle atrophy of the gluteal, semi-membranosus, and biceps femoris long head muscles. Some muscle volumes in the countermeasure groups displayed faster recovery times than the CTR group. Differential atrophy occurred in the postero-lateral hip musculature following a prolonged period of unloading. Short-duration high-load resistive exercise during bedrest reduced muscle atrophy in the mono-articular hip extensors and selected hamstring muscles. Future countermeasure design should consider including isolated resistive hamstring curls to target this muscle group and reduce the potential for development of muscle imbalances.
作为第二届柏林卧床研究（BBR2-2）的一部分，我们研究了长时间不活动期间髋关节后外侧和腘绳肌萎缩的模式，以及两种运动对策的有效性。24 名男性受试者接受了 60 天的头低位卧床休息，并被分配到不活动对照组（CTR）、抗阻振动运动（RVE）或单独抗阻运动（RE）组。在卧床休息前、期间和结束时对髋关节和大腿进行磁共振成像（MRI）。计算了髋关节后外侧和腘绳肌的体积，并检查了肌肉萎缩的速度和对策运动的效果。卧床休息 60 天后，CTR 组的肌肉体积损失率存在差异（F = 21.44；P ≤ 0.0001），其中半腱肌、股方肌和股二头肌长头的损失最快，其次是臀肌和其余的腘绳肌。全身振动似乎没有比抗阻运动更有效地保留肌肉体积。RE 和 RVE 预防和/或减少了臀肌、半腱肌和股二头肌长头的肌肉萎缩。对策组的一些肌肉体积的恢复时间比 CTR 组更快。在长时间的卸载后，髋关节后外侧的肌肉出现了不同程度的萎缩。卧床休息期间进行短时间高负荷的抗阻运动可减少单关节髋关节伸肌和部分腘绳肌的肌肉萎缩。未来的对策设计应考虑包括单独的抗阻腘绳肌卷曲，以针对该肌肉群并减少肌肉失衡的发展潜力。
