病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞应答的诱导和功能。
Induction and function of virus-specific CD4+ T cell responses.
机构信息
Carolina Vaccine Institute, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
出版信息
Virology. 2011 Mar 15;411(2):216-28. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.12.015. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
CD4+ T cells - often referred to as T-helper cells - play a central role in immune defense and pathogenesis. Virus infections and vaccines stimulate and expand populations of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in mice and in man. These virus-specific CD4+ T cells are extremely important in antiviral protection: deficiencies in CD4+ T cells are associated with virus reactivation, generalized susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and poor vaccine efficacy. As described below, CD4+ T cells influence effector and memory CD8+ T cell responses, humoral immunity, and the antimicrobial activity of macrophages and are involved in recruiting cells to sites of infection. This review summarizes a few key points about the dynamics of the CD4+ T cell response to virus infection, the positive role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the differentiation of virus-specific CD4+ T cells, and new areas of investigation to improve vaccines against virus infection.
CD4+ T 细胞——通常被称为辅助性 T 细胞——在免疫防御和发病机制中起着核心作用。病毒感染和疫苗刺激并扩增了小鼠和人体内抗原特异性 CD4+ T 细胞群体。这些病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞在抗病毒保护中非常重要：CD4+ T 细胞缺陷与病毒重新激活、机会性感染的普遍易感性和疫苗效果不佳有关。如下所述，CD4+ T 细胞影响效应和记忆 CD8+ T 细胞反应、体液免疫以及巨噬细胞的抗菌活性，并参与招募细胞到感染部位。这篇综述总结了关于病毒感染时 CD4+ T 细胞反应的动态、促炎细胞因子在病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞分化中的积极作用以及改善针对病毒感染的疫苗的新研究领域的一些关键点。
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