Park Young Nyun, Kim Myeong-Jin
Department of Pathology, Brain Korea 21 Project and Institute of Gastroenterology, Center for Chronic Metabolic Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Abdom Imaging. 2011 Jun;36(3):232-43. doi: 10.1007/s00261-011-9688-y.
Rapid advances in liver surgery, including liver transplantation, radiology, and pathology, have created a need for clinically relevant nomenclature for premalignant and early lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Precancerous lesions include dysplastic foci and dysplastic nodules (DNs) characterized by cytologic or structural atypia. Although imaging diagnosis is playing a crucial role in the evaluation of hepatocarcinogenesis and early diagnosis of HCC, it is still challenging to accurately characterize borderline nodules such as small arterially enhancing lesions or hypovascular nodules. This article discusses pathological and radiological features of these small nodular lesions and offers insights into the multistep process of hepatocarcinogenesis by describing the progression of pathologic change linking DNs to HCC.
肝脏外科手术的快速发展，包括肝移植、放射学和病理学，使得有必要为肝细胞癌（HCC）的癌前病变和早期病变制定临床相关的命名法。癌前病变包括以细胞学或结构异型性为特征的发育异常灶和发育异常结节（DNs）。尽管影像学诊断在肝癌发生评估和HCC早期诊断中发挥着关键作用，但准确鉴别边缘性结节，如小动脉强化病变或乏血供结节，仍然具有挑战性。本文讨论了这些小结节性病变的病理和放射学特征，并通过描述将DNs与HCC联系起来的病理变化进展，深入探讨了肝癌发生的多步骤过程。
