Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599-7435, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Mar 1;173(5):560-8. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq402. Epub 2011 Jan 27.
Nutrition plays a critical role in maternal and fetal health; however, research on error in the measurement of energy intake during pregnancy is limited. The authors analyzed data on 998 women living in central North Carolina with singleton pregnancies during 2001-2005. Second-trimester diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Estimated energy requirements were calculated using Institute of Medicine prediction equations, with adjustment for energy costs during the second trimester. Implausible values for daily energy intake were determined using confidence limits of agreement for energy intake/estimated energy requirements. Prevalences of low energy reporting (LER) and high energy reporting (HER) were 32.8% and 12.9%, respectively. In a multivariable analysis, pregravid body mass index was related to both LER and HER; LER was higher in both overweight (odds ratio = 1.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.26, 3.02; P = 0.031) and obese (odds ratio = 3.29, 95% confidence interval: 2.33, 4.65; P < 0.001) women than in normal-weight counterparts. Other predictors of LER included marriage and higher levels of physical activity. HER was higher among subjects who were underweight, African-American, and less educated and subjects who had higher depressive symptom scores. LER and HER are prevalent during pregnancy. Identifying their predictors may improve data collection and analytic methods for reducing systematic bias in the study of diet and reproductive outcomes.
营养在母婴健康中起着至关重要的作用；然而，关于孕期能量摄入测量误差的研究有限。作者分析了 2001-2005 年间居住在北卡罗来纳州中部、怀有单胎妊娠的 998 名女性的数据。通过食物频率问卷评估孕中期的饮食。使用医学研究所预测方程计算估计的能量需求，并调整孕中期的能量消耗。使用能量摄入/估计能量需求的一致性置信限来确定每日能量摄入的不合理值。低能量报告（LER）和高能量报告（HER）的发生率分别为 32.8%和 12.9%。在多变量分析中，孕前体重指数与 LER 和 HER 均相关；超重（比值比=1.96，95%置信区间：1.26，3.02；P=0.031）和肥胖（比值比=3.29，95%置信区间：2.33，4.65；P<0.001）女性的 LER 更高。LER 的其他预测因素包括婚姻和更高水平的身体活动。体重不足、非裔美国人、受教育程度较低以及抑郁症状评分较高的受试者中，HER 更高。孕期 LER 和 HER 很常见。识别其预测因素可能会改善数据收集和分析方法，从而减少饮食和生殖结果研究中的系统偏差。
