J Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Feb;3(1):1-3. doi: 10.1093/jmcb/mjq057.
Genomic instability refers to an increased tendency of alterations in the genome during the life cycle of cells. It is a major driving force for tumorigenesis. During a cell division, genomic instability is minimized by four major mechanisms: high-fidelity DNA replication in S-phase, precise chromosome segregation in mitosis, error free repair of sporadic DNA damage, and a coordinated cell cycle progression. This introduction summarizes the major molecular processes that contribute to these mechanisms in the context of prevention of genomic instability and tumorigenesis.
基因组不稳定性是指细胞生命周期中基因组改变的趋势增加。它是肿瘤发生的主要驱动力。在细胞分裂过程中，通过以下四个主要机制最大限度地减少基因组不稳定性：S 期高保真 DNA 复制、有丝分裂中精确的染色体分离、随机 DNA 损伤的无差错修复以及协调的细胞周期进程。本引言概述了在预防基因组不稳定性和肿瘤发生方面，有助于这些机制的主要分子过程。
