Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition and Exercise, University of Sydney, K25 Medical Foundation Building, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
Med Clin North Am. 2011 Mar;95(2):299-307, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2010.11.003.
Identifying individuals at increased risk of developing diabetes has assumed increasing importance with the expansion of the evidence from clinical trials on the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes using lifestyle modification and medication. The epidemiology of prediabetes depends on the diagnostic method used. Glucose measures defining impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose levels identify about 10% of the adults to have prediabetes, whereas glycated hemoglobin-based criteria identify a significantly lower proportion of the population. Increasingly, multifactorial risk tools are being used and cut-points set to identify approximately 15% of the population as being at high risk.
随着临床试验证据的不断扩大，通过生活方式改变和药物治疗来预防或延缓 2 型糖尿病的发生，对处于糖尿病风险中的个体进行识别已经变得越来越重要。糖尿病前期的流行病学取决于所使用的诊断方法。葡萄糖测量定义了糖耐量受损和空腹血糖受损水平，约有 10%的成年人被诊断为糖尿病前期，而基于糖化血红蛋白的标准则确定了人群中比例明显较低的糖尿病前期。目前越来越多地使用多因素风险工具，并设定切点来确定约 15%的人群处于高风险状态。
