Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 Feb 4;8:7. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-7.
The HEALTHY study was designed to respond to the alarming trends in increasing rates of overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in youth. The objective of this analysis was to examine the effects of the HEALTHY study on student self-reported dietary intakes (energy, macronutrients and grams consumed of selected food groups).
HEALTHY was a cluster-randomized study in 42 public middle schools. Students, n=3908, self-reported dietary intake using the Block Kids Questionnaire. General linear mixed models were used to analyze differences in dietary intake at the end of the study between intervention and control schools.
The reported average daily fruit consumption was 10% higher at the end of the study in the intervention schools than in the control schools (138 g or approximately 2 servings versus 122 g, respectively, p=0.0016). The reported water intake was approximately 2 fluid ounces higher in the intervention schools than in the control (483 g versus 429 g respectively; p=0.008). There were no significant differences between intervention and control for mean intakes of energy, macronutrients, fiber, grains, vegetables, legumes, sweets, sweetened beverages, and higher- or lower-fat milk consumption.
The HEALTHY study, a five-semester middle school-based intervention program that integrated multiple components in nutrition, physical education, behavior change, and social marketing-based communications, resulted in significant changes to student's reported fruit and water intake. Subsequent interventions need to go beyond the school environment to change diet behaviors that may affect weight status of children.
HEALTHY 研究旨在应对青少年超重、肥胖和 2 型糖尿病发病率不断上升的令人担忧的趋势。本分析的目的是检验 HEALTHY 研究对学生自我报告的饮食摄入（能量、宏量营养素和选定食物组的克数）的影响。
HEALTHY 是一项在 42 所公立中学进行的聚类随机研究。学生，n=3908，使用布洛克儿童问卷自我报告饮食摄入。采用一般线性混合模型分析干预和对照学校在研究结束时饮食摄入的差异。
干预组学生报告的平均每日水果摄入量在研究结束时比对照组高 10%（分别为 138 克或约 2 份和 122 克，p=0.0016）。干预组学生报告的饮水量比对照组高约 2 液盎司（分别为 483 克和 429 克；p=0.008）。干预组和对照组之间的能量、宏量营养素、纤维、谷物、蔬菜、豆类、甜食、含糖饮料以及更高或更低脂肪牛奶的平均摄入量没有显著差异。
HEALTHY 研究是一项为期五个学期的基于中学的干预计划，整合了营养、体育教育、行为改变和基于社会营销的沟通等多个组成部分，导致学生报告的水果和水摄入量发生了显著变化。随后的干预措施需要超越学校环境，改变可能影响儿童体重状况的饮食行为。
