Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Environ Int. 2011 May;37(4):734-42. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.01.003. Epub 2011 Feb 5.
In recent years, there has been a notable concern on the safety of genetically modified (GM) foods/plants, an important and complex area of research, which demands rigorous standards. Diverse groups including consumers and environmental Non Governmental Organizations (NGO) have suggested that all GM foods/plants should be subjected to long-term animal feeding studies before approval for human consumption. In 2000 and 2006, we reviewed the information published in international scientific journals, noting that the number of references concerning human and animal toxicological/health risks studies on GM foods/plants was very limited. The main goal of the present review was to assess the current state-of-the-art regarding the potential adverse effects/safety assessment of GM plants for human consumption. The number of citations found in databases (PubMed and Scopus) has dramatically increased since 2006. However, new information on products such as potatoes, cucumber, peas or tomatoes, among others was not available. Corn/maize, rice, and soybeans were included in the present review. An equilibrium in the number research groups suggesting, on the basis of their studies, that a number of varieties of GM products (mainly maize and soybeans) are as safe and nutritious as the respective conventional non-GM plant, and those raising still serious concerns, was currently observed. Nevertheless, it should be noted that most of these studies have been conducted by biotechnology companies responsible of commercializing these GM plants. These findings suggest a notable advance in comparison with the lack of studies published in recent years in scientific journals by those companies. All this recent information is herein critically reviewed.
近年来，人们对转基因（GM）食品/植物的安全性表示了极大的关注，这是一个重要且复杂的研究领域，需要严格的标准。包括消费者和环境非政府组织（NGO）在内的各种团体建议，在批准用于人类消费之前，所有转基因食品/植物都应进行长期动物喂养研究。2000 年和 2006 年，我们审查了国际科学期刊上发表的信息，注意到关于转基因食品/植物对人类和动物毒理学/健康风险研究的参考文献数量非常有限。本综述的主要目的是评估关于人类消费转基因植物的潜在不良影响/安全性评估的最新研究现状。自 2006 年以来，数据库（PubMed 和 Scopus）中的引文数量显著增加。然而，关于土豆、黄瓜、豌豆或西红柿等产品的新信息不可用。玉米/玉米、水稻和大豆被纳入本综述。目前观察到的情况是，提出根据其研究表明一些转基因产品（主要是玉米和大豆）与相应的传统非转基因植物一样安全和有营养的研究小组数量与仍然存在严重问题的研究小组数量之间达到了平衡。然而，应该指出的是，这些研究中的大多数都是由负责商业化这些转基因植物的生物技术公司进行的。与这些公司近年来在科学期刊上发表的缺乏研究相比，这些发现表明取得了显著的进展。本文批判性地回顾了所有这些最新信息。
