哮喘的评估和治疗。
Assessment and treatment of asthma.
出版信息
Can Fam Physician. 1979 Oct;25:1207-10.
The objectives of treating asthma are to control symptoms by a minimum of medication, and to prevent severe attacks in the future. However, before these can be achieved the presence of asthma must be recognized, its severity determined, and the individual triggering factors identified. Full assessment is simple and practical: it involves history, measurement of airflow rates and allergy skin tests. Occasionally, if the diagnosis is not certain, trials of treatment and/or histamine (or methacholine) inhalation tests provide confirmation. Treatment involves not only avoidance or protection against triggering factors and trials of medication, but also patient education and modification of behavior to comply with treatment. For this the patient must have ready access to consistent medical advice to ensure and reinforce the correct response to asthmatic symptoms.
治疗哮喘的目标是通过最少的药物控制症状，并预防未来的严重发作。然而，在实现这些目标之前，必须识别哮喘的存在，确定其严重程度，并确定个体的触发因素。全面评估简单实用：它包括病史、气流率测量和过敏皮肤测试。偶尔，如果诊断不确定，治疗试验和/或组胺（或甲酰胆碱）吸入试验可以提供确认。治疗不仅包括避免或保护触发因素和药物试验，还包括患者教育和行为改变以遵守治疗。为此，患者必须能够随时获得一致的医疗建议，以确保和加强对哮喘症状的正确反应。
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