性别、年龄和认知发展在儿童行人路线选择中的作用。
The roles of gender, age and cognitive development in children's pedestrian route selection.
作者信息
Barton B K, Ulrich T, Lyday B
机构信息
Department of Psychology and Communication Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3043, USA.
出版信息
Child Care Health Dev. 2012 Mar;38(2):280-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01202.x. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
OBJECTIVE
Thousands of American children under the age of 10 years are injured annually as pedestrians. Despite the scope of this public health problem, knowledge about behavioural control and developmental factors involved in the aetiology of child pedestrian safety is limited. The present study examined the roles of gender, age and two aspects of cognitive development (visual search and efficiency of processing) in children's safe pedestrian route selection.
METHODS
Measures of cognitive functioning (visual search and efficiency) and selections of risky pedestrian routes were collected from 65 children aged 5-9 years.
RESULTS
Boys, younger children and those with less developed cognitive functioning selected riskier pedestrian routes. Cognitive functioning also subsumed age as a predictor of risky route selections.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest developmental differences, specifically less developed cognitive functioning, play important roles in children's pedestrian decision making. Directions for future examination are discussed.
目的
每年有成千上万10岁以下的美国儿童作为行人受伤。尽管这一公共卫生问题范围广泛，但关于儿童行人安全病因中行为控制和发育因素的知识却很有限。本研究考察了性别、年龄以及认知发展的两个方面（视觉搜索和处理效率）在儿童安全行人路线选择中的作用。
方法
收集了65名5 - 9岁儿童的认知功能测量值（视觉搜索和效率）以及危险行人路线的选择情况。
结果
男孩、年龄较小的儿童以及认知功能发育较差的儿童选择的行人路线风险更高。认知功能也包含年龄作为危险路线选择的预测因素。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，发育差异，特别是认知功能发育较差，在儿童行人决策中起重要作用。讨论了未来研究的方向。
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