Zhang Jin, Hodge William, Hutnick Cindy, Wang Xianbin
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2011 Jan 1;5(1):166-72. doi: 10.1177/193229681100500123.
This article reviews the development of a noninvasive diagnostic for diabetes by detecting ocular glucose. Early diagnosis and daily management are very important to diabetes patients to ensure a healthy life. Commercial blood glucose sensors have been used since the 1970s. Millions of diabetes patients have to prick their finger for a drop of blood 4-5 times a day to check blood glucose levels--almost 1800 times annually. There is a strong need to have a noninvasive device to help patients to manage the disease easily and painlessly. Instead of detecting the glucose in blood, monitoring the glucose level in other body fluids may provide a feasible approach for noninvasive diagnosis and diabetes control. Tear glucose has been studied for several decades. This article reviews studies on ocular glucose and its monitoring methods. Attempts to continuously monitor the concentration of tear glucose by using contact lens-based sensors are discussed as well as our current development of a nanostructured lens-based sensor for diabetes. This disposable biosensor for the detection of tear glucose may provide an alternative method to help patients manage the disease conveniently.
本文综述了通过检测眼内葡萄糖进行糖尿病无创诊断的进展。早期诊断和日常管理对糖尿病患者确保健康生活非常重要。自20世纪70年代以来，商业血糖传感器就已被使用。数以百万计的糖尿病患者每天不得不扎手指取一滴血4至5次来检测血糖水平——每年几乎要测1800次。迫切需要一种无创设备来帮助患者轻松、无痛地管理疾病。监测其他体液中的葡萄糖水平而非检测血液中的葡萄糖，可能为无创诊断和糖尿病控制提供一种可行的方法。泪液葡萄糖已经研究了几十年。本文综述了关于眼内葡萄糖及其监测方法的研究。讨论了使用基于隐形眼镜的传感器连续监测泪液葡萄糖浓度的尝试，以及我们目前开发的用于糖尿病诊断的基于纳米结构镜片的传感器。这种用于检测泪液葡萄糖的一次性生物传感器可能提供一种替代方法，以帮助患者方便地管理疾病。
