Kromer Vogt L J, Hyman B T, Van Hoesen G W, Damasio A R
Department of Anatomy, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118.
Neuroscience. 1990;37(2):377-85. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90408-v.
The amygdala is severely and consistently affected by pathology in Alzheimer's disease. The distribution of Thioflavin S-stained neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques was examined in the various nuclei that form the amygdala in 20 cases of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and five non-demented control cases. Large numbers of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques were observed in the accessory basal and cortical nuclei and the cortical transition area, while there was lesser involvement of the mediobasal nucleus. The medial, lateral, laterobasal and central nuclei were relatively spared. The distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques was compared with neuroanatomic connections known from non-human primate experimental studies. This comparison suggests that (1) nuclei receiving and giving rise to hippocampal projections are consistently affected by neuropathological alterations in Alzheimer's disease; (2) the nuclei which receive strong cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (e.g. laterobasal nucleus) have, in general, relatively few neuritic plaques; and (3) nuclei which receive olfactory projections are not uniformly affected, the cortical nucleus being heavily affected but the medial nucleus consistently spared.
杏仁核在阿尔茨海默病中会受到严重且持续的病理影响。在20例临床诊断为阿尔茨海默病的病例和5例非痴呆对照病例中，对构成杏仁核的各个核团中硫黄素S染色的神经原纤维缠结和神经炎性斑块的分布进行了检查。在副基底核、皮质核以及皮质过渡区观察到大量神经原纤维缠结和神经炎性斑块，而内侧基底核受累较轻。内侧核、外侧核、外侧基底核和中央核相对未受影响。将神经原纤维缠结和神经炎性斑块的分布与非人灵长类动物实验研究中已知的神经解剖连接进行了比较。这种比较表明：（1）接受和发出海马投射的核团在阿尔茨海默病中始终受到神经病理改变的影响；（2）从Meynert基底核接受强胆碱能投射的核团（如外侧基底核）通常神经炎性斑块相对较少；（3）接受嗅觉投射的核团受到的影响并不一致，皮质核受累严重，但内侧核始终未受影响。
