Department of Psychology and Center for Research in Applied Gerontology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
J Neurosci Nurs. 2011 Feb;43(1):36-50. doi: 10.1097/jnn.0b013e3182029790.
The objective of this study was to identify predictors of cognitive performance among adults with HIV. Participants completed demographic, psychosocial, and mental and physical health questionnaires as well as cognitive measures of speed of processing, psychomotor ability and visuomotor coordination, attention and working memory, reasoning, and executive function. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine predictors of cognitive performance for each cognitive measure. Possible predictors included age, gender, socioeconomic status, Wide Range Achievement Test 3 Reading score (quality of education), social networks score, hardiness score, mood disturbance score, medical problems composite score, psychoactive drug use composite score, HIV chronicity, CD4+ lymphocyte cell count, and HIV medication usage. Model 1 examined demographic factors, and model 2 examined the contribution of the remaining variables on cognitive performance. Results revealed that several factors were predictive of cognitive functioning, with the individual regression models for each measure explaining 8% to 48% of the variability in performance. Overall, this study posits that among adults with HIV, the most consistent predictors of poorer cognition included older age, poorer reading ability, more depressed mood, CD4+ lymphocyte cell count less than 200, and lack of HIV medication usage. Results suggest that those aging with HIV are subject to decreases in cognitive functioning.
本研究旨在确定 HIV 感染者认知表现的预测因素。参与者完成了人口统计学、心理社会、心理和身体健康问卷以及认知速度、心理运动能力和视动协调、注意力和工作记忆、推理和执行功能的认知测量。采用分层回归分析来检验每个认知测量的认知表现的预测因素。可能的预测因素包括年龄、性别、社会经济地位、广域成就测验 3 阅读得分（教育质量）、社交网络得分、坚韧得分、情绪障碍得分、医疗问题综合得分、精神活性药物使用综合得分、HIV 慢性、CD4+淋巴细胞计数和 HIV 药物使用情况。模型 1 检验了人口统计学因素，模型 2 检验了其余变量对认知表现的贡献。结果表明，有几个因素可以预测认知功能，每个测量的个体回归模型解释了 8%至 48%的表现变异性。总的来说，这项研究表明，在 HIV 感染者中，认知能力较差的最一致预测因素包括年龄较大、阅读能力较差、情绪低落、CD4+淋巴细胞计数低于 200 个以及缺乏 HIV 药物使用。结果表明，随着年龄的增长，HIV 感染者的认知功能会下降。
