Pope C N, Stavrinos D, Vance D E, Woods A J, Bell T R, Ball K K, Fazeli P L
Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, Birmingham AL.
Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2018 Oct;58:1061-1073. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2018.08.002. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
Cognitive impairments seen in people living with HIV (PLWH) are associated with difficulties in everyday functioning, specifically driving. This study utilized speed of processing cognitive remediation therapy (SOP-CRT) with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to gauge the feasibility and impact on simulated driving. Thirty PLWH ( = 54.53, = 3.33) were randomly assigned to either: sham tDCS SOP-CRT or active tDCS SOP-CRT. Seven indicators of simulated driving performance and safety were obtained. Repeated measures ANOVAs controlling for driver's license status (valid and current license or expired/no license) revealed a large training effect on average driving speed. Participants who received active tDCS SOP-CRT showed a slower average driving speed ( = 0.020, = 0.972) than those who received sham tDCS SOP-CRT. Non-significant small-to-medium effects were seen for driving violations, collisions, variability in lane positioning, and lane deviations. Combination tDCS SOP-CRT was found to increase indices of cautionary simulated driving behavior. Findings reveal a potential avenue of intervention and rehabilitation for improving driving safety among vulnerable at-risk populations, such as those aging with chronic disease.
感染艾滋病毒的人（PLWH）出现的认知障碍与日常功能方面的困难有关，特别是在驾驶方面。本研究采用处理速度认知康复疗法（SOP-CRT）结合经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）来评估其对模拟驾驶的可行性和影响。30名PLWH（平均年龄 = 54.53岁，标准差 = 3.33）被随机分配到：假tDCS SOP-CRT组或活性tDCS SOP-CRT组。获得了模拟驾驶性能和安全性的七个指标。控制驾照状态（有效且当前有效驾照或过期/无驾照）的重复测量方差分析显示，对平均驾驶速度有很大的训练效果。接受活性tDCS SOP-CRT的参与者的平均驾驶速度（平均差 = 0.020，标准差 = 0.972）比接受假tDCS SOP-CRT的参与者慢。在驾驶违规、碰撞、车道定位变异性和车道偏离方面，观察到非显著的小到中等效应。发现联合tDCS SOP-CRT可提高模拟驾驶警示行为指标。研究结果揭示了一条潜在的干预和康复途径，以改善弱势群体（如患有慢性病的老年人）的驾驶安全性。
