Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16 Street, Łódź, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2011 Aug;18(7):1174-83. doi: 10.1007/s11356-011-0469-5. Epub 2011 Feb 22.
Chlorophenols are widely represented, toxic, and persistent environmental pollutants. In this work, we analyzed annual fluctuations in the content of phenol, guaiacol, chlorophenols, chlorocatechols, and chlorinated methoxyphenols in drinking water collected in Warsaw and Tomaszów Mazowiecki (Poland). Moreover, the effect of dissolved organic matter content on the occurrence of phenolic compounds in drinking water was studied.
The compounds were adsorbed on octadecyl C18 solid-phase discs, separated by the use of gas chromatography, and analyzed using mass spectrometry. The content of organic matter was evaluated by the analysis of UV absorption at 254 nm by water samples. In Warsaw, raw water (derived from infiltration intakes situated in the Vistula River) and treated water (subjected to coagulation, filtration, and disinfection with chlorine dioxide) were collected in order to analyze phenols. In Tomaszów Mazowiecki, raw water (taken directly form the river) and treated water (subjected to coagulation, sand filtration, ozonation, and disinfection with gaseous chlorine) were taken to determine phenolic substances.
The obtained results showed the occurrence of phenol, guaiacol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), tetrachlorophenol (TeCP), and pentachlorophenol in drinking water of both cities. Occasionally, in the waters studied, the appearance of chloroguaiacols, 3-chlorosyringol, and some chlorocatechols were noted. It was also observed that the content of dissolved organic matter in river waters may have contributed to the formation of some phenols, e.g., phenol, guaiacol, 2,4,6-TCP, and TeCP in drinking water. Finally, it was found that there were no annual (seasonal) fluctuations in phenolic compounds contents in drinking waters examined.
氯酚类广泛存在，具有毒性且持久稳定，是环境污染物的主要代表之一。本研究分析了波兰华沙和托马舒夫马佐维茨基市饮用水中苯酚、愈创木酚、氯酚、氯邻苯二酚和氯甲氧基苯酚的年度变化，并研究了水中溶解有机物含量对酚类化合物存在的影响。
采用十八烷基 C18 固相圆盘吸附，气相色谱分离，质谱分析。水样中 254nm 的紫外吸光度用于评估有机物含量。在华沙，采集原水（取自维斯瓦河的渗透进水口）和处理水（经混凝、过滤和二氧化氯消毒），以分析酚类物质。在托马舒夫马佐维茨基，采集原水（直接取自河流）和处理水（经混凝、砂滤、臭氧处理和氯气消毒），以确定酚类物质。
结果表明，两个城市的饮用水中均存在苯酚、愈创木酚、2,4,6-三氯苯酚（2,4,6-TCP）、四氯苯酚（TeCP）和五氯苯酚。偶尔，在研究的水中还发现了氯愈创木酚、3-氯丁香酚和一些氯邻苯二酚。还观察到河流水中溶解有机物的含量可能有助于某些酚类物质的形成，例如饮用水中的苯酚、愈创木酚、2,4,6-TCP 和 TeCP。最后，发现所检查的饮用水中酚类化合物含量没有年度（季节性）波动。
