距今 4.4 万年的尼安德特人与费马尼洞穴中鸟类骨骼埋藏学所显示的有目的的羽毛去除行为。
Late Neandertals and the intentional removal of feathers as evidenced from bird bone taphonomy at Fumane Cave 44 ky B.P., Italy.
机构信息
Sezione di Paleobiologia, Preistoria e Antropologia, Dipartimento di Biologia ed Evoluzione, Università di Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 8;108(10):3888-93. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1016212108. Epub 2011 Feb 22.
Abstract
A large and varied avifaunal bone assemblage from the final Mousterian levels of Grotta di Fumane, northern Italy, reveals unusual human modifications on species that are not clearly relatable to feeding or utilitarian uses (i.e., lammergeier, Eurasian black vulture, golden eagle, red-footed falcon, common wood pigeon, and Alpine chough). Cut, peeling, and scrape marks, as well as diagnostic fractures and a breakthrough, are observed exclusively on wings, indicating the intentional removal of large feathers by Neandertals. The species involved, the anatomical elements affected, and the unusual type and location of the human modifications indicate an activity linked to the symbolic sphere and the behavioral modernity of this European autochthonous population.
摘要
来自意大利北部福尔马尼洞（Grotta di Fumane）末次莫斯特文化层的大型且多样化的鸟类骨骼组合，揭示了人类对一些物种的不寻常改造，这些改造与觅食或实用用途无关（即，高山兀鹫、欧亚黑秃鹫、金雕、红脚隼、斑鸠和高山杜鹃）。在翅膀上观察到切割、剥皮和刮擦痕迹，以及诊断性骨折和突破，这表明尼安德特人有意去除大型羽毛。所涉及的物种、受影响的解剖元素以及人类改造的异常类型和位置表明，这是与象征领域和该欧洲本土人群的行为现代性相关的活动。
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