Department of Psychology, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2011 Aug;42(1):14-28. doi: 10.1007/s12160-011-9265-1.
Many details of the negative relationship between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and health are poorly understood.
The purpose of this study was to examine racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between perceived discrimination and self-reported health, identify dimensions of discrimination that drive this relationship, and explore psychological mediators.
Asian, Black, and Latino(a) adults (N=734) completed measures of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, self-reported health, depression, anxiety, and cynical hostility.
The association between perceived discrimination and poor self-reported health was significant and did not differ across racial/ethnic subgroups. Race-related social exclusion and threat/harassment uniquely contributed to poor health for all groups. Depression, anxiety, and cynical hostility fully mediated the effect of social exclusion on health, but did not fully explain the effect of threat.
Our results suggest that noxious effects of race-related exclusion and threat transcend between-group differences in discriminatory experiences. The effects of race-related exclusion and threat on health, however, may operate through different mechanisms.
感知到的种族/族裔歧视与健康之间的负面关系的许多细节尚未得到很好的理解。
本研究旨在检验感知歧视与自我报告健康之间的关系在种族/族裔方面的差异，确定导致这种关系的歧视维度，并探讨心理中介因素。
亚洲、黑人和拉丁裔成年人（N=734）完成了感知种族/族裔歧视、自我报告健康、抑郁、焦虑和愤世嫉俗的敌意的测量。
感知歧视与自我报告健康状况不佳之间的关联具有统计学意义，且在不同种族/族裔亚组之间没有差异。与种族相关的社会排斥和威胁/骚扰对所有群体的健康状况都有独特的影响。抑郁、焦虑和愤世嫉俗的敌意完全中介了社会排斥对健康的影响，但并没有完全解释威胁的影响。
我们的结果表明，与种族相关的排斥和威胁的有害影响超越了歧视经历在不同群体之间的差异。然而，与种族相关的排斥和威胁对健康的影响可能通过不同的机制起作用。
