School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Västerås, Sweden.
Appetite. 2011 Jun;56(3):649-57. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.02.019. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
Breakfast consumption has been shown to be an important indicator of a healthy lifestyle. Little is known however about factors influencing breakfast consumption and food choices at breakfast in adolescents. The aim of the present study was therefore to describe breakfast habits, and factors influencing food choices at breakfast within the framework of the EU-funded HELENA Study, in 3528 adolescents from ten European cities. Additionally, socio-demographic differences in breakfast habits and in influencing factors were investigated. Half of the adolescents (and fewer girls than boys) indicated being regular breakfast consumers. Girls with mothers with a high level of education, boys from 'traditional' families and boys who perceived low family affluence were positively associated with breakfast consumption. Boys whose parents gave encouragement and girls whose peers ate healthily were more likely to be regular breakfast consumers. 'Hunger', 'taste', 'health concerns' and 'parents or guardian' were the most important influences on the adolescents' food choices at breakfast. Adolescents from southern Europe and girls reported to be more influenced by personal and socio-environmental factors. Socio-demographic differences, in particular regional and gender differences, need to be considered in discussions surrounding the development of nutritional intervention programs intended for adolescents.
早餐的摄入已被证明是健康生活方式的一个重要指标。然而，对于影响青少年早餐摄入和食物选择的因素知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述在欧盟资助的 HELENA 研究中，来自十个欧洲城市的 3528 名青少年的早餐习惯以及影响早餐食物选择的因素。此外，还研究了早餐习惯和影响因素在社会人口统计学方面的差异。一半的青少年（女孩比男孩少）表示他们经常吃早餐。母亲受教育程度高的女孩、来自“传统”家庭的男孩以及认为家庭经济条件较差的男孩与早餐消费呈正相关。父母鼓励和同伴健康饮食的男孩更有可能经常吃早餐。“饥饿”、“口味”、“健康问题”和“父母或监护人”是影响青少年早餐食物选择的最重要因素。来自南欧的青少年和女孩报告说，他们更容易受到个人和社会环境因素的影响。在讨论旨在为青少年制定营养干预计划时，需要考虑社会人口统计学方面的差异，特别是地区和性别差异。
