Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Science (a Spanish National Research Council body), C/Serreno Galvache 4, 28033 Madrid, Spain.
J Environ Radioact. 2011 Apr;102(4):378-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.02.006. Epub 2011 Mar 5.
The present paper discusses the results of an empirical study of four approaches to reducing indoor radon concentrations based on depressurization techniques in underground sumps. The experiments were conducted in prototype housing built in an area of Spain where the average radon concentration at a depth of 1 m is 250 kBq m(-3). Sump effectiveness was analysed in two locations: underneath the basement, which involved cutting openings into the foundation, ground storey and roof slabs, and outside the basement walls, which entailed digging a pit alongside the building exterior. The effectiveness of both sumps was likewise tested with passive and forced ventilation methods. The systems proved to be highly efficient, lowering radon levels by 91-99%, except in the solution involving passive ventilation and the outside sump, where radon levels were reduced by 53-55%. At wind speeds of over 8 m/s, however, passive ventilation across an outside sump lowered radon levels by 95% due to a Venturi effect induced drop in pressure.
本文讨论了基于地下集水坑减压技术降低室内氡浓度的四种方法的实验结果。实验在西班牙一个地区的原型住宅中进行，该地区 1 米深处的氡浓度平均值为 250 kBq m(-3)。在两个位置分析了集水坑的效果：地下室下方，涉及到在基础、底层和屋顶板上开口；以及地下室墙壁外侧，涉及到在建筑物外侧挖一个坑。同样测试了被动和强制通风方法对两个集水坑的效果。除了涉及被动通风和外部集水坑的解决方案外，这些系统的效率非常高，可将氡浓度降低 91-99%，在这种解决方案中，氡浓度降低了 53-55%。然而，当风速超过 8 m/s 时，由于文丘里效应引起的压力下降，外部集水坑的被动通风可将氡浓度降低 95%。
