The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London Hospital and Medical School, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK.
J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2011 Jun;50(6):940-50. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.02.018. Epub 2011 Mar 6.
In the late 19th century, a number of investigators were working on perfecting isolated heart model, but it was Oscar Langendorff who, in 1895, pioneered the isolated perfused mammalian heart. Since that time, the Langendorff preparation has evolved and provided a wealth of data underpinning our understanding of the fundamental physiology of the heart: its contractile function, coronary blood flow regulation and cardiac metabolism. In more recent times, the procedure has been used to probe pathophysiology of ischaemia/reperfusion and disease states, and with the dawn of molecular biology and genetic manipulation, the Langendorff perfused heart has remained a stalwart tool in the study of the impact upon the physiology of the heart by pharmacological inhibitors and targeted deletion or up-regulation of genes and their impact upon intracellular signalling and adaption to clinically relevant stressful stimuli. We present here the basic structure of the Langendorff system and the fundamental experimental rules which warrant a viable heart preparation. In addition, we discuss the use of the isolated retrograde perfused heart in the model of ischaemia-reperfusion injury ex-vivo, and its applicability to other areas of study. The Langendorff perfusion apparatus is highly adaptable and this is reflected not only in the procedure's longevity but also in the number of different applications to which it has been turned.
19 世纪后期，许多研究人员致力于完善离体心脏模型，但正是奥斯卡·兰根多夫（Oscar Langendorff）在 1895 年率先开创了哺乳动物离体灌流心脏模型。从那时起，兰根多夫（Langendorff）的心脏灌流技术不断发展，为我们对心脏基本生理学的理解提供了丰富的数据：其收缩功能、冠状动脉血流调节和心脏代谢。在更近的时期，该方法被用于探究缺血/再灌注和疾病状态的病理生理学，随着分子生物学和基因操作的出现，Langendorff 心脏灌流技术仍然是研究药物抑制剂对心脏生理学的影响以及基因的靶向缺失或上调及其对细胞内信号转导和适应临床相关应激刺激的重要工具。我们在此介绍了 Langendorff 系统的基本结构和基本实验规则，这些规则保证了心脏灌流模型的可行性。此外，我们还讨论了逆行灌流离体心脏模型在缺血/再灌注损伤中的应用，以及其在其他研究领域的适用性。Langendorff 心脏灌流装置具有很强的适应性，这不仅反映在该技术的悠久历史，也反映在它被应用于许多不同的领域。
