Zhang Zhaohan, Feng Yujie, Gao Peng, Wang Ce, Ren Nanqi
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
J Environ Monit. 2011 May;13(5):1366-73. doi: 10.1039/c0em00597e. Epub 2011 Mar 10.
The occurrence and removal of eight endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), including estrone (E(1)), 17β-estradiol (E(2)), estriol (E(3)), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE(2)), diethylstilbestrol (DES), bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP), and their estrogenicities were investigated in a sewage treatment plant in Harbin city, China. The EDCs were extracted from wastewater samples by solid phase extraction (SPE) method and analyzed with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The average concentrations in the influents and effluents ranged from 6.3 (EE(2)) to 1725.8 ng L(-1) (NP) and from <LOD (EE(2)) to 368.5 ng L(-1) (NP), respectively. The mean removal efficiencies were in the range of 16.9 (DES) to 94.4% (E(3)). 6.4-46.1% of EDCs were removed during the primary treatment, and the adsorption on solid particles was assumed as the dominant removal mechanism. The removal efficiencies in anoxic and aerobic biological treatment units ranged from -30.2% to 62.2% and from -8.3% to 83%. The yeast estrogen screen (YES) was used to analyze the estrogenicity of the test samples. The EEQ in the influents and effluents were in the range of 21.7-54.7 ng L(-1) and 3.5-29.6 ng L(-1), respectively. The overall EEQ removal efficiencies were in the range of 15.6-92.8%, and the biological treatment was crucial to EEQ removal. The total estrogenicity increased after primary treatment which might be owing to the deconjugating of estrogen compounds by microbial activity. The EEQ value based on chemical substrates calculation was larger than the results of the YES assay, with a ratio value of 3.94 ± 4.00 in all water samples.
在中国哈尔滨市的一座污水处理厂中，对包括雌酮（E(1)）、17β - 雌二醇（E(2)）、雌三醇（E(3)）、17α - 乙炔雌二醇（EE(2)）、己烯雌酚（DES）、双酚A（BPA）、壬基酚（NP）和辛基酚（OP）在内的8种内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs）的存在情况、去除情况及其雌激素活性进行了研究。采用固相萃取（SPE）法从废水样品中提取EDCs，并通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）进行分析。进水和出水中的平均浓度分别为6.3（EE(2)）至1725.8 ng L(-1)（NP）以及低于检测限（EE(2)）至368.5 ng L(-1)（NP）。平均去除效率在16.9（DES）至94.4%（E(3)）范围内。在一级处理过程中，6.4 - 46.1%的EDCs被去除，且假定固体颗粒上的吸附是主要去除机制。缺氧和好氧生物处理单元中的去除效率分别在 - 30.2%至62.2%以及 - 8.3%至83%范围内。采用酵母雌激素筛选（YES）法分析测试样品的雌激素活性。进水和出水中的雌激素等效量（EEQ）分别在21.7 - 54.7 ng L(-1)和3.5 - 29.6 ng L(-1)范围内。总体EEQ去除效率在15.6 - 92.8%范围内，生物处理对EEQ的去除至关重要。一级处理后总雌激素活性增加，这可能是由于微生物活动使雌激素化合物去结合所致。基于化学底物计算的EEQ值大于YES分析的结果，所有水样中的比值为3.94 ± 4.00。
