Grau María, Elosua Roberto, Cabrera de León Antonio, Guembe María Jesús, Baena-Díez José Miguel, Vega Alonso Tomás, Javier Félix Francisco, Zorrilla Belén, Rigo Fernando, Lapetra José, Gavrila Diana, Segura Antonio, Sanz Héctor, Fernández-Bergés Daniel, Fitó Montserrat, Marrugat Jaume
Grupo de Epidemiología y Genética Cardiovascular, Programa de Investigación en Procesos Inflamatorios y Cardiovasculares, Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica, Barcelona, España.
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2011 Apr;64(4):295-304. doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2010.11.005.
To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in individuals aged 35-74 years in 10 of Spain's autonomous communities and determine the geographic variation of cardiovascular risk factors distribution.
Pooled analysis with individual data from 11 studies conducted in the first decade of the 21st century. The average response rate was 73%. Lipid profile (with laboratory cross-validation), glucose level, blood pressure, waist circumference, height, and weight were measured and standard questionnaires administered. Age-standardized prevalence of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity in the European population were calculated. Furthermore, the coefficient of variation between component studies was determined for the prevalence of each risk factor.
In total, 28,887 participants were included. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were high blood pressure (47% in men, 39% in women), total cholesterol ≥ 250 mg/dL (43% and 40%, respectively), obesity (29% and 29%, respectively), tobacco use (33% and 21%, respectively), and diabetes (16% and 11%, respectively). Total cholesterol ≥ 190 and ≥ 250 mg/dL were the respective minimum and maximum coefficients of variation (7%-24% in men, 7%-26% in women). Average concordance in lipid measurements between laboratories was excellent.
Prevalence of high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, obesity, tobacco use and diabetes is high. Little variation was observed between autonomous communities in the population aged 35-74 years. However, presence of the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors in the Canary Islands, Extremadura and Andalusia was greater than the mean of the 11 studies.
评估西班牙10个自治区35 - 74岁人群心血管危险因素的患病率，并确定心血管危险因素分布的地理差异。
对21世纪第一个十年开展的11项研究的个体数据进行汇总分析。平均应答率为73%。测量血脂谱（进行实验室交叉验证）、血糖水平、血压、腰围、身高和体重，并发放标准问卷。计算欧洲人群中吸烟、糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和肥胖的年龄标准化患病率。此外，还确定了各危险因素患病率在各组成研究之间的变异系数。
共纳入28,887名参与者。最常见的心血管危险因素为高血压（男性47%，女性39%）、总胆固醇≥250 mg/dL（分别为43%和40%）、肥胖（分别为29%和29%）、吸烟（分别为33%和21%）以及糖尿病（分别为16%和11%）。总胆固醇≥190和≥250 mg/dL分别是最小和最大变异系数（男性7% - 24%，女性7% - 26%）。各实验室血脂测量的平均一致性良好。
高血压、血脂异常、肥胖、吸烟和糖尿病的患病率较高。在35 - 74岁人群中，各自治区之间观察到的差异较小。然而，加那利群岛、埃斯特雷马杜拉和安达卢西亚最常见心血管危险因素的存在情况高于11项研究的均值。
