Robotin Monica C
Monica C Robotin, NSW Cancer Council, School of Public Health University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia.
World J Hepatol. 2011 Feb 27;3(2):31-7. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v3.i2.31.
Despite being ten times more common than HIV infection, viral hepatitis has so far not commanded the same public health response worldwide, so a global viral hepatitis treatment program is still a long way from becoming a reality. However, much progress has occurred over the last few decades, with the screening of blood products, sound infection control practices and the introduction of disposable needles and syringes leading to significant reductions in nosocomial hepatitis B transmission in the developed world and increasingly in other countries. The introduction of hepatitis B vaccination in the 1980s and its integration into the Expanded Immunization Program have led to substantial reductions in chronic hepatitis B infection rates in children and to millions of lives saved. The availability of effective antiviral treatment has revolutionized treatment prospects, although access to treatment remains a significant challenge for most developed countries and remains out of reach for developing nations. Some of these breakthroughs have occurred in Asian countries, others in the West, but their unifying features are innovative research, timely clinical translation and a commitment to apply their findings to improve the health of populations, not just individuals. This paper reviews some of the challenges and opportunities for hepatitis B control at the end of the first decade of the third millennium and argues for closer East - West collaborations, to bring in fresh perspectives, avoid duplications of effort and in order to help answer many of the remaining challenges in making hepatitis B history.
尽管病毒性肝炎的发病率比艾滋病毒感染高出十倍，但迄今为止，它在全球范围内尚未引起同样的公共卫生响应，因此全球病毒性肝炎治疗计划距离成为现实仍有很长的路要走。然而，在过去几十年中已经取得了很大进展，血液制品筛查、完善的感染控制措施以及一次性针头和注射器的引入，使得发达国家以及越来越多其他国家的医院内乙型肝炎传播大幅减少。20世纪80年代引入乙肝疫苗并将其纳入扩大免疫规划，已使儿童慢性乙肝感染率大幅降低，并挽救了数百万人的生命。有效的抗病毒治疗的出现彻底改变了治疗前景，尽管对于大多数发达国家来说，获得治疗仍然是一项重大挑战，而发展中国家仍然无法获得治疗。其中一些突破发生在亚洲国家，另一些发生在西方，但它们的共同特点是创新性研究、及时的临床转化以及致力于将研究结果应用于改善人群健康，而不仅仅是个人健康。本文回顾了第三个千年第一个十年末乙肝控制面临的一些挑战和机遇，并主张加强东西方合作，以带来新的视角、避免工作重复，并帮助应对在让乙肝成为历史方面许多剩余的挑战。
