Zentrum für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Umweltmedizin, Helios Klinikum Wuppertal, Heusnerstr. 40, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2011 Mar;108(9):135-41. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2011.0135. Epub 2011 Mar 4.
Sunlight induces a wide variety of dermatoses. Their differential diagnosis is problematic not only because of similar phenotypes, but also because of confusing nomenclature and classification.
We selectively reviewed the literature of the past 20 years and describe the modern nosology of photodermatoses and their clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Readers should be able to provide correct and efficient diagnostic evaluation and treatment of patients with dermatoses induced by ultraviolet radiation.
Photodermatoses are caused by an abnormal reaction to sunlight, usually to its ultraviolet component. They are divided into phototoxic and photoallergic reactions to known photosensitizers and idiopathic photodermatoses, in which the photosensitizer is unknown. Some types are extremely rare, such as hydroa vacciniforme (prevalence 0.34 per 100,000), while others are very common, such as polymorphic light eruption (prevalence 10% to 20%).
Photodermatoses are not life-threatening but can cause considerable suffering. Prevention is just as important as treatment.
阳光会引起各种各样的皮肤病。它们的鉴别诊断不仅因为具有相似的表型，还因为命名和分类混乱而变得复杂。
我们有选择性地回顾了过去 20 年的文献，描述了光线性皮肤病的现代分类及其临床特征、诊断和治疗。读者应该能够为紫外线辐射引起的皮肤病患者提供正确和有效的诊断评估和治疗。
光线性皮肤病是由对阳光的异常反应引起的，通常是对其紫外线成分的反应。它们分为已知光敏剂的光毒性和光过敏反应，以及光敏剂未知的特发性光线性皮肤病。一些类型非常罕见，如水疱性类天疱疮（流行率为每 10 万人中 0.34 例），而另一些则非常常见，如多形性日光疹（流行率为 10%至 20%）。
光线性皮肤病不会危及生命，但会造成相当大的痛苦。预防与治疗同样重要。
