Department of Crop and Soil Science, Cornell University , Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Apr 15;45(8):3687-94. doi: 10.1021/es103301k. Epub 2011 Mar 29.
Cook stoves that produce biochar as well as heat for cooking could help mitigate indoor air pollution from cooking fires and could enhance local soils, while their potential reductions in carbon (C) emissions and increases in soil C sequestration could offer access to C market financing. We use system dynamics modeling to (i) investigate the climate change impact of prototype and refined biochar-producing pyrolytic cook stoves and improved combustion cook stoves in comparison to conventional cook stoves; (ii) assess the relative sensitivity of the stoves' climate change impacts to key parameters; and (iii) quantify the effects of different climate change impact accounting decisions. Simulated reductions in mean greenhouse gas (GHG) impact from a traditional, 3-stone cook stove baseline are 3.50 tCO(2)e/household/year for the improved combustion stove and 3.69-4.33 tCO(2)e/household/year for the pyrolytic stoves, of which biochar directly accounts for 26-42%. The magnitude of these reductions is about 2-5 times more sensitive to baseline wood fuel use and the fraction of nonrenewable biomass (fNRB) of off-farm wood that is used as fuel than to soil fertility improvement or stability of biochar. Improved cookstoves with higher wood demand are less sensitive to changes in baseline fuel use and rely on biochar for a greater proportion of their reductions.
生产生物炭和烹饪热量的炉灶可以帮助减轻烹饪火灾造成的室内空气污染，并可以改善当地土壤，而其减少碳排放和增加土壤碳固存的潜力可以为碳市场融资提供机会。我们使用系统动力学模型来：（i）比较原型和精炼生物炭生产热解炉灶和改进燃烧炉灶与传统炉灶相比对气候变化的影响；（ii）评估炉灶对气候变化影响的关键参数的相对敏感性；（iii）量化不同气候变化影响核算决策的影响。与传统的三石炉灶基线相比，改进燃烧炉灶和热解炉灶的平均温室气体（GHG）影响减少了 3.50 tCO(2)e/户/年，其中生物炭直接占 26-42%。这些减少的幅度对基线木材燃料使用和农场外木材不可再生生物质（fNRB）的非可再生部分作为燃料的比例比土壤肥力改善或生物炭稳定性更为敏感，大约为 2-5 倍。对木材需求较高的改良炉灶对基线燃料使用变化的敏感性较低，并且依赖生物炭来实现其减排的更大比例。
