Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 980126, 800 E. Leigh Street, Room 1-123, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, USA.
Behav Genet. 2011 Sep;41(5):641-50. doi: 10.1007/s10519-011-9466-1. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
To determine the relationship between the genetic and environmental risk factors for common internalizing psychopathology (IP) and mental well-being (MWB), we examined detailed measures of emotional, social and psychological well-being, and a history of major depression (MD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic attacks in the last year, in 1,386 twins from same-sex pairs from the MIDUS national USA sample assessed in 1995 and then again in 2005. Statistical analyses were performed with the Mx program. In the 1995 data, the best fit model contained one substantially heritable common factor for MD, GAD and panic attacks, and one strongly heritable common factor for the three well-being measures. Genetic and environmental risk factors for IP accounted for, respectively, 50 and 5%, of the genetic and environmental influences on MWB. We then constructed, using 1995 and 2005 data, two common factors that reflected temporally stable influences on (i) MD and GAD, and (ii) on emotional and psychological well-being. Genetic and environmental risk factors for the stable liability to IP accounted for 41 and 29% of the stable genetic and environmental influences, respectively, on MWB. This study suggests that genetic risk factors for IP make up 41-50% of the genetic influences on MWB. The overlap of environmental risk factors is more modest. Although low levels of IP on average reflect a high genetic propensity for MWB, other independent genetic influences play an important role in producing good mental health.
为了确定常见内在心理病理学（IP）和心理幸福感（MWB）的遗传和环境风险因素之间的关系，我们检查了详细的情感、社会和心理健康措施，以及在 1995 年和 2005 年对来自美国 MIDUS 全国样本的同性别双胞胎中的 1386 对双胞胎进行的重大抑郁症（MD）、广泛性焦虑症（GAD）和惊恐发作的病史。统计分析使用 Mx 程序进行。在 1995 年的数据中，最佳拟合模型包含一个对 MD、GAD 和惊恐发作具有实质性遗传共同因素，以及对三个幸福感测量具有强烈遗传共同因素的模型。内在心理病理学的遗传和环境风险因素分别占 MWB 的遗传和环境影响的 50%和 5%。然后，我们使用 1995 年和 2005 年的数据构建了两个共同因素，反映了对（i）MD 和 GAD，以及（ii）对情感和心理幸福感的暂时稳定影响。内在心理病理学的稳定易感性的遗传和环境风险因素分别占 MWB 的稳定遗传和环境影响的 41%和 29%。这项研究表明，内在心理病理学的遗传风险因素占 MWB 的遗传影响的 41-50%。环境风险因素的重叠程度则较为适中。虽然内在心理病理学的低水平平均反映了对 MWB 的高度遗传倾向，但其他独立的遗传影响在产生良好的心理健康方面也起着重要作用。
