Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011 Jun;11(6):631-6. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0269. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has been previously reported in many African and Asian areas, but it recently reemerged strongly in countries bordering the Indian Ocean as well as caused an outbreak in northern Italy. In Germany, where potential CHIKV vectors are not yet established, CHIKV infection is mandatorily notifiable. Cases reported from 2006 through 2009 were analyzed for travel characteristics and demographic factors. 152 cases of symptomatic CHIKV infection were notified. Both sexes were affected, with a median age of 46 years. Over the years, countries of infection largely followed the outbreaks reported from various travel destinations. India and the Maldives were the countries of infection most frequently named. In Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand, which are also frequently named countries of infection for dengue virus, the median age of CHIKV-affected patients was higher than that of dengue fever patients. Taking traveler numbers into consideration, risk of CHIKV infection was higher in the Seychelles and Mauritius than in Thailand and India. Even though substantial underdiagnosis is suspected, this assessment of CHIKV importation to Germany offers valuable information about the details of travel-associated cases. Between 17 and 53 notified cases per year signify that CHIKV would be occasionally available for local transmission in Germany once a vector becomes present. Although CHIKV most often causes a comparatively mild disease, the high median age of notified cases and the higher age than dengue patients support more severe disease courses in older adults. Travelers to all CHIKV endemic areas should protect against mosquito bites. In Germany, CHIKV surveillance will be continued to monitor ongoing importation of the virus and to detect early potential autochthonous cases.
基孔肯雅热病毒（CHIKV）先前已在许多非洲和亚洲地区报告过，但最近在与印度洋接壤的国家以及意大利北部再次强烈爆发。在德国，尚未建立潜在的 CHIKV 传播媒介，因此 CHIKV 感染必须报告。对 2006 年至 2009 年报告的病例进行了旅行特征和人口统计学因素分析。共报告了 152 例有症状的 CHIKV 感染病例。男女均受感染，中位年龄为 46 岁。多年来，感染国主要与从各种旅行目的地报告的疫情相吻合。印度和马尔代夫是最常被提及的感染国。在斯里兰卡、印度和泰国，这些国家也是登革热病毒的常见感染国，CHIKV 感染患者的中位年龄高于登革热患者。考虑到旅行者人数，塞舌尔和毛里求斯感染 CHIKV 的风险高于泰国和印度。尽管怀疑存在大量漏诊，但对 CHIKV 输入德国的评估提供了有关与旅行相关病例的详细信息。每年有 17 至 53 例通报病例，这表明一旦出现媒介，CHIKV 在德国就有可能偶尔发生本地传播。尽管 CHIKV 通常引起相对较轻的疾病，但通报病例的中位年龄较高，且高于登革热患者，表明老年人的疾病严重程度更高。所有基孔肯雅热流行地区的旅行者都应防止蚊虫叮咬。在德国，将继续进行 CHIKV 监测，以监测病毒的持续输入并及早发现潜在的本地病例。
