Araujo Jesus A
Air Qual Atmos Health. 2010 Nov 10;4(1):79-93. doi: 10.1007/s11869-010-0101-8.
Air pollution has been associated with significant adverse health effects leading to increased overall morbidity and mortality of worldwide significance. Epidemiological studies have shown that the largest portion of air pollution-related mortality is due to cardiovascular diseases, predominantly those of ischemic nature. Human studies suggest an association with atherosclerosis and increasing experimental animal data support that this association is likely to be causal. While both gasses and particles have been linked to detrimental health effects, more evidence implicates the particulate matter (PM) components as major responsible for a large portion of the proatherogenic effects. Multiple experimental approaches have revealed the ability of PM components to trigger and/or enhance free radical reactions in cells and tissues, both ex vivo as well as in vivo. It appears that exposure to PM leads to the development of systemic prooxidant and proinflammatory effects that may be of great importance in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. This article reviews the epidemiological studies, experimental animal, and cellular data that support the association of air pollutants, especially the particulate components, with systemic oxidative stress, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. It also reviews the use of transcriptomic studies to elucidate molecular pathways of importance in those systemic effects.
空气污染已被证实会对健康产生重大不利影响，导致全球范围内总体发病率和死亡率上升。流行病学研究表明，与空气污染相关的死亡中，最大一部分归因于心血管疾病，主要是缺血性疾病。人体研究表明空气污染与动脉粥样硬化有关，越来越多的实验动物数据支持这种关联可能是因果关系。虽然气体和颗粒物都与有害健康影响有关，但更多证据表明颗粒物（PM）成分是造成大部分促动脉粥样硬化作用的主要原因。多种实验方法已揭示PM成分在体外和体内触发和/或增强细胞和组织中自由基反应的能力。接触PM似乎会导致全身促氧化和促炎作用的产生，这可能在动脉粥样硬化病变的发展中具有重要意义。本文综述了支持空气污染物尤其是颗粒物成分与全身氧化应激、炎症和动脉粥样硬化之间关联的流行病学研究、实验动物和细胞数据。还综述了转录组学研究在阐明这些全身效应中重要分子途径方面的应用。
