Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross Research Building 1064, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA,
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2011 Jun;13(3):256-61. doi: 10.1007/s11908-011-0181-0.
Over the previous decade, we observed the emergence of the fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus gattii, as a cause of disease in humans and animals in a temperate climate. This outbreak, first documented on Vancouver Island, has since expanded throughout Western North America, with non-travel-associated cases now in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. Additionally, a secondary outbreak, originating in and still restricted to Oregon, has also occurred. During the past several years, several studies detailing molecular typing, virulence, antifungal susceptibilities, epidemiology, and clinical issues have been published. These studies begin to address the complex dynamics of this novel emergence of a rare and fatal fungus, outline clinical characteristics of human cases, and also opened several new areas that should be explored in the upcoming years.
在过去的十年中，我们观察到真菌病原体荚膜组织胞浆菌作为一种在温带气候下导致人类和动物疾病的原因出现。这次疫情首先在温哥华岛有记录，此后已蔓延至整个北美西部，不列颠哥伦比亚省、华盛顿州、俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚州现在都出现了非旅行相关的病例。此外，还发生了另一次起源于俄勒冈州且仍局限于该州的疫情。在过去的几年中，已经发表了几项详细描述分子分型、毒力、抗真菌药敏性、流行病学和临床问题的研究。这些研究开始解决这种罕见且致命真菌的新出现的复杂动态，概述了人类病例的临床特征，并开辟了几个在未来几年应该探索的新领域。
