Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Mol Carcinog. 2011 Apr;50(4):244-53. doi: 10.1002/mc.20657.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer. The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have crucial roles in various steps of carcinogenesis, inducing degradation of p53 and destabilization of pRb. Several clinical trials show that recombinant HPV vaccines are safe and effective in preventing persistent infection of HPV and associated anogenital lesions. Although most clinical studies to date have investigated the effectiveness of HPV vaccines in young female subjects, elderly females and males may also be candidates for HPV vaccines. Prophylactic HPV vaccination may be an ideal preventive method for other HPV-associated cancers in addition to cervical carcinoma. Carcinogenesis by HPV, efficacy trials of currently available HPV vaccines, and the possible roles of HPV vaccines in the prevention of HPV-associated cancers are reviewed in this article.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是宫颈癌的必要病因。HPV 致癌蛋白 E6 和 E7 在癌变的各个步骤中发挥关键作用，诱导 p53 降解和 pRb 失稳。多项临床试验表明，重组 HPV 疫苗在预防 HPV 持续性感染和相关肛门生殖器病变方面是安全有效的。尽管迄今为止大多数临床研究都调查了 HPV 疫苗在年轻女性中的有效性，但老年女性和男性也可能是 HPV 疫苗的接种对象。除宫颈癌外，预防性 HPV 疫苗接种可能是预防其他 HPV 相关癌症的理想方法。本文综述了 HPV 致癌作用、现有 HPV 疫苗的疗效试验以及 HPV 疫苗在预防 HPV 相关癌症中的可能作用。
