Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Community Studies, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Mar;46(3):174-9. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.081182. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
To characterise the nature of the sport injury prevention literature by reviewing published articles that evaluate specific clinical interventions designed to reduce sport injury risks.
PubMed, Cinahl, Web of Science and Embase.
Only 139 of 2525 articles retrieved met the inclusion criteria. Almost 40% were randomised controlled trials and 30.2% were cohort studies. The focus of the study was protective equipment in 41%, training in 32.4%, education in 7.9%, rules and regulations in 4.3%, and 13.3% involved a combination of the above. Equipment research studied stability devices (42.1%), head and face protectors (33.3%), attenuating devices (17.5%) as well as other devices (7%). Training studies often used a combination of interventions (eg, balance and stretching); most included balance and coordination (63.3%), with strength and power (36.7%) and stretching (22.5%) being less common. Almost 70% of the studies examined lower extremity injuries, and a majority of these were joint (non-bone)-ligament injuries. Contact sports were most frequently studied (41.5%), followed by collision (39.8%) and non-contact (20.3%).
The authors found only 139 publications in the existing literature that examined interventions designed to prevent sports injury. Of these, the majority investigated equipment or training interventions whereas only 4% focused on changes to the rules and regulations that govern sport. The focus of intervention research is on acute injuries in collision and contact sports whereas only 20% of the studies focused on non-contact sports.
通过回顾评估特定临床干预措施以降低运动损伤风险的已发表文章，描述运动损伤预防文献的性质。
PubMed、Cinahl、Web of Science 和 Embase。
在检索到的 2525 篇文章中，仅有 139 篇符合纳入标准。近 40%为随机对照试验，30.2%为队列研究。研究重点为防护装备占 41%，训练占 32.4%，教育占 7.9%，规则和法规占 4.3%，13.3%涉及上述多种方法的组合。设备研究主要研究稳定装置（42.1%）、头部和面部保护器（33.3%）、衰减装置（17.5%）以及其他装置（7%）。训练研究通常采用多种干预措施的组合（例如平衡和伸展）；大多数包括平衡和协调（63.3%），力量和力量（36.7%）和伸展（22.5%）较少。近 70%的研究检查了下肢损伤，其中大多数为关节（非骨）-韧带损伤。接触性运动最常被研究（41.5%），其次是碰撞（39.8%）和非接触性（20.3%）。
作者在现有的文献中仅发现 139 篇研究了旨在预防运动损伤的干预措施的出版物。其中，大多数研究的是设备或训练干预措施，而只有 4%的研究关注管理运动的规则和法规的变化。干预研究的重点是碰撞和接触性运动中的急性损伤，而只有 20%的研究关注非接触性运动。
