Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Community Studies, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Mar;46(3):169-73. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.080929. Epub 2011 Apr 20.
To analyse published articles that used interventions aimed at investigating biomechanical/physiological outcomes (ie, intermediate risk factors) for sport injury prevention in order to characterise the state of the field and identify important areas not covered in the literature.
PubMed, Cinahl, Web of Science and Embase were searched using a broad search strategy.
Only 144 of 2525 articles retrieved by the search strategy met the inclusion criteria. Crossover study designs increased by 175% in the late 1980s until 2005 but have declined 32% since then. Randomised controlled trial (RCT) study designs increased by 650% since the early 1980s. Protective equipment studies (61.8% of all studies) declined by 35% since 2000, and training studies (35.4% of all studies) increased by 213%. Equipment research studied stability devices (83.1%) and attenuating devices (13.5%) whereas training research studied balance and coordination (54.9%), strength and power (43.1%) and stretching (15.7%). Almost all (92.1%) studies investigated the lower extremity and 78.1% were of the joint (non-bone)-ligament type. Finally, 57.5% of the reports studied contact sports, 24.2% collision and 25.8% non-contact sports.
The decrease in crossover study design and increase in RCTs over time suggest a shift in study design for injury prevention articles. Another notable finding was the change in research focus from equipment interventions, which have been decreasing since 2000 (35% decline), to training interventions, which have been increasing (213% increase). Finally, there is very little research on overuse or upper extremity injuries.
分析已发表的干预措施研究文献，这些文献旨在研究运动损伤预防的生物力学/生理学结果（即中间风险因素），以描述该领域的现状并确定文献中未涵盖的重要领域。
使用广泛的检索策略，在 PubMed、Cinahl、Web of Science 和 Embase 中进行检索。
检索策略共检索到 2525 篇文章，仅有 144 篇符合纳入标准。交叉研究设计在 20 世纪 80 年代末至 2005 年增加了 175%，但此后下降了 32%。随机对照试验（RCT）设计自 20 世纪 80 年代初以来增加了 650%。自 2000 年以来，防护设备研究（所有研究的 61.8%）下降了 35%，而训练研究（所有研究的 35.4%）增加了 213%。设备研究主要研究稳定性设备（83.1%）和衰减设备（13.5%），而训练研究主要研究平衡和协调（54.9%）、力量和功率（43.1%）和伸展（15.7%）。几乎所有（92.1%）的研究都针对下肢，78.1%的研究是关节（非骨骼）-韧带类型。最后，57.5%的报告研究了接触性运动，24.2%的报告研究了碰撞性运动，25.8%的报告研究了非接触性运动。
随着时间的推移，交叉研究设计的减少和 RCT 的增加表明，预防损伤文章的研究设计发生了转变。另一个值得注意的发现是研究重点的变化，从设备干预（自 2000 年以来下降了 35%）转向训练干预（增加了 213%）。最后，关于过度使用或上肢损伤的研究非常少。
