神经性厌食症中对奖励和惩罚的敏感性增强。
Heightened sensitivity to reward and punishment in anorexia nervosa.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
出版信息
Int J Eat Disord. 2011 May;44(4):317-24. doi: 10.1002/eat.20815.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to test whether females with anorexia nervosa (AN) have increased sensitivity to punishing or rewarding stimuli, behaviors that could drive high self-control and anxious, avoidant behaviors.
METHOD
Sixty-four females completed the study: 33 control females (CFs, mean age 19.7 years) and 31 females with AN (mean age 19.6 years). Participants completed diagnostic exams, questionnaires for eating disorder severity and personality, and the Sensitivity to Punishment/Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ).
RESULTS
Females with AN scored higher than CFs on SPSRQ sensitivity to punishment (p < 0.00001) and sensitivity to reward (p = 0.005). Females with AN without anxiety or depression continued to have increased SPSRQ scores compared to CFs.
DISCUSSION
This is the first study comparing the SPSRQ in females with AN and CFs. Results suggest that reward and punishment sensitivity are increased in females with AN and could be potential trait markers. It is possible that harm-avoidant, anxious behaviors in females with AN are related to this heightened sensitivity.
摘要
目的
本研究旨在测试厌食症女性（AN）是否对惩罚或奖励刺激更敏感，这些行为可能会导致高度的自我控制和焦虑、回避行为。
方法
共有 64 名女性参与了这项研究：33 名对照组女性（CF，平均年龄 19.7 岁）和 31 名患有 AN 的女性（平均年龄 19.6 岁）。参与者完成了诊断检查、饮食障碍严重程度和人格问卷以及惩罚/奖励敏感性问卷（SPSRQ）。
结果
患有 AN 的女性在 SPSRQ 惩罚敏感性（p < 0.00001）和奖励敏感性（p = 0.005）方面的得分高于 CF。无焦虑或抑郁的 AN 女性与 CF 相比，SPSRQ 评分仍较高。
讨论
这是首次比较 AN 女性和 CF 女性的 SPSRQ。结果表明，AN 女性的奖励和惩罚敏感性增加，这可能是潜在的特质标志物。AN 女性的回避伤害、焦虑行为可能与这种敏感性增加有关。
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