Motz W, Kerner W
Klinik für Kardiologie, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Greifswalder Strasse 11, Karlsburg, Germany.
Internist (Berl). 2011 May;52(5):505-17. doi: 10.1007/s00108-010-2732-0.
Coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus can be considered as a syntropy. Accordingly, cardiologists and diabetologists should organize an interdisciplinary car of the patient with both cardiac disease and diabetes mellitus. Arterial hypertension is frequently present in the diabetic condition and increases further morbidity and mortality rates due to the involvement of the coronary microcirculation. Coronary artery disease is characterized by a rapid progression and a diffuse distribution particularly in the periphery. Consequently in severe diabetic coronary artery disease coronary bypass surgery should be preferred rather than percutaneous coronary stenting, which should be favored in less severe cases. In the antihyperglycemic treatment a reduction in cardiovascular endpoints has only be documented after metformin. Therapy with thiazolidinediones has been terminated due to an increase in coronary morbidity and mortality under rosiglitazone. In as much glucagon-like peptide-I analogues and dipeptidylpeptidase 4 inhibitors will reduce cardiovascular endpoints has to be waited for. Thus an endpoint orientated antihyperglycemic treatment is limited to insulin, metformin and sulfonylureas.
冠心病和2型糖尿病可被视为一种共病现象。因此,心脏病专家和糖尿病专家应组织对患有心脏病和糖尿病的患者进行跨学科治疗。动脉高血压在糖尿病患者中经常出现,由于冠状动脉微循环受累,会进一步增加发病率和死亡率。冠状动脉疾病的特点是进展迅速且分布广泛,尤其是在周边部位。因此,在严重的糖尿病冠状动脉疾病中,冠状动脉搭桥手术应优先于经皮冠状动脉支架置入术,后者更适用于病情较轻的病例。在抗高血糖治疗中,只有二甲双胍被证明可降低心血管终点事件。由于罗格列酮会增加冠状动脉发病率和死亡率,噻唑烷二酮类药物的治疗已被终止。胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物和二肽基肽酶4抑制剂是否会降低心血管终点事件还有待观察。因此,以终点事件为导向的抗高血糖治疗仅限于胰岛素、二甲双胍和磺脲类药物。