Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Oct;29(5):494-502. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719886.
Dairy products contain vitamin D and other nutrients that may be beneficial for lung function, but they are also high in fats that may have mixed effects on lung function. However, the overall associations of dairy intake with lung density and lung function have not been studied.
We examined the cross-sectional relationships between dairy intake and computed tomography (CT) lung density and lung function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Total, low-fat, and high-fat dairy intakes were quantified from food frequency questionnaire responses of men and women who were ages 45-84 years and free of clinical cardiovascular disease. The MESA-Lung Study assessed CT lung density from cardiac CT imaging and prebronchodilator spirometry among 3965 MESA participants.
Total dairy intake was inversely associated with apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema and positively associated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (the multivariate-adjusted mean difference between the highest and lowest quintiles of total dairy intake was -0.92 [p for trend = 0.04] for apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema and 72.0 mL [p = 0.01] for FVC). Greater low-fat dairy intake was associated with higher alpha (higher alpha values indicate less emphysema) and lower apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema (corresponding differences in alpha and apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema were 0.04 [p = 0.02] and -0.98 [p = 0.01] for low-fat dairy intake, respectively). High-fat dairy intake was not associated with lung density measures. Greater low- or high-fat dairy intake was not associated with higher forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), FVC, and FEV(1)/FVC.
Higher low-fat dairy intake but not high-fat dairy intake was associated with moderately improved CT lung density.
乳制品含有维生素 D 和其他可能有益于肺功能的营养物质，但它们也富含脂肪，这些脂肪对肺功能的影响可能好坏参半。然而，乳制品摄入量与肺密度和肺功能之间的总体关联尚未得到研究。
我们在动脉粥样硬化多民族研究（MESA）中检查了乳制品摄入量与计算机断层扫描（CT）肺密度和肺功能之间的横断面关系。男性和女性的总、低脂和高脂乳制品摄入量是根据他们的食物频率问卷回答来量化的，这些人年龄在 45-84 岁之间，没有临床心血管疾病。MESA-Lung 研究在 3965 名 MESA 参与者中使用心脏 CT 成像和支气管扩张剂前肺活量测定法评估 CT 肺密度。
总乳制品摄入量与上基比差异百分比肺气肿呈负相关，与用力肺活量（FVC）呈正相关（总乳制品摄入量最高和最低五分位数之间的多变量调整平均差异为 -0.92[趋势 p 值=0.04]）与上基比差异百分比肺气肿和 72.0 毫升[p=0.01]与 FVC）。较高的低脂乳制品摄入量与较高的 alpha 值（alpha 值越高表示肺气肿越少）和较低的上基比差异百分比肺气肿相关（相应的 alpha 和上基比差异百分比肺气肿差异分别为 0.04[p=0.02]和 -0.98[p=0.01]）低脂乳制品摄入量）。高脂肪乳制品摄入量与肺密度测量值无关。较高的低脂或高脂乳制品摄入量与更高的 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、FVC 和 FEV1/FVC 无关。
较高的低脂乳制品摄入量但不是高脂肪乳制品摄入量与 CT 肺密度的适度改善有关。
