World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Apr 21;17(15):1927-38. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i15.1927.
Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI), alternatively defined as occult hepatitis B (OHB), is a challenging clinical entity. It is recognized by two main characteristics: absence of HBsAg, and low viral replication. The previous two decades have witnessed a remarkable progress in our understanding of OBI and its clinical implications. Appropriate diagnostic techniques must be adopted. Sensitive HBV DNA amplification assay is the gold standard assay for detection of OBI. Viral as well as host factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of OBI. However, published data reporting the infectivity of OBI by transfusion are limited. Several aspects including OBI transmission, infectivity and its relation to the development of chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma have to be resolved. The aim of the present review is to highlight recent data on OBI with a focus on its virological diagnosis and clinical outcome.
隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染（OBI），也被定义为隐匿性乙型肝炎（OHB），是一种具有挑战性的临床病症。它具有两个主要特征：HBsAg 阴性和低病毒复制。在过去的二十年中，我们对 OBI 及其临床意义的认识取得了显著进展。必须采用适当的诊断技术。敏感的 HBV DNA 扩增检测是检测 OBI 的金标准检测方法。病毒和宿主因素都与 OBI 的发病机制有关。然而，有关 OBI 通过输血传播的感染性的已发表数据有限。需要解决包括 OBI 传播、感染性及其与慢性肝病和肝细胞癌发展的关系等几个方面。本综述的目的是强调 OBI 的最新数据，重点是其病毒学诊断和临床结果。
