GrassRoots Biotechnology, Durham, NC, USA.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2011 Jun;14(3):310-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2011.03.020. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
Plant root system architecture (RSA) is plastic and dynamic, allowing plants to respond to their environment in order to optimize acquisition of important soil resources. A number of RSA traits are known to be correlated with improved crop performance. There is increasing recognition that future gains in productivity, especially under low input conditions, can be achieved through optimization of RSA. However, realization of this goal has been hampered by low resolution and low throughput approaches for characterizing RSA. To overcome these limitations, new methods are being developed to facilitate high throughput and high content RSA phenotyping. Here we summarize laboratory and field approaches for phenotyping RSA, drawing particular attention to recent advances in plant imaging and analysis. Improvements in phenotyping will facilitate the genetic analysis of RSA and aid in the identification of the genetic loci underlying useful agronomic traits.
植物根系结构（RSA）具有可塑性和动态性，使植物能够对环境做出响应，从而优化对重要土壤资源的获取。已知许多 RSA 特征与提高作物性能相关。人们越来越认识到，未来生产力的提高，特别是在低投入条件下，可以通过优化 RSA 来实现。然而，这一目标的实现受到了 RSA 特征描述分辨率低和通量低的限制。为了克服这些限制，正在开发新的方法来促进高通量和高内涵 RSA 表型分析。在这里，我们总结了 RSA 表型分析的实验室和现场方法，特别关注植物成像和分析方面的最新进展。表型分析的改进将有助于 RSA 的遗传分析，并有助于确定有用农艺性状的遗传基因座。
