The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2011 Aug;14(4):468-76. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2011.04.002. Epub 2011 Apr 29.
Crop disease remains a major cause of yield loss and emerging diseases pose new threats to global food security. Despite the dearth of commercial development to date, progress in using our rapidly expanding knowledge of plant-pathogen interactions to invent new ways of controlling diseases in crops has been good. Many major resistance genes have now been shown to retain function when transferred between species, and evidence indicates that resistance genes are more effective when deployed in a background containing quantitative resistance traits. The EFR pattern-recognition receptor, present in only the Brassicaceae, functions to provide bacterial disease control in the Solanaceae. Knowledge of how transcription activator-like effectors bind DNA is leading to new methods for triggering disease resistance and broader applications in genome engineering.
作物病害仍然是导致产量损失的主要原因，新出现的病害对全球粮食安全构成新的威胁。尽管迄今为止商业开发乏善可陈，但利用我们对植物-病原体相互作用的快速扩展知识来发明控制作物病害的新方法的进展良好。现在已经表明，许多主要的抗性基因在种间转移时仍然具有功能，并且有证据表明，当抗性基因部署在含有数量抗性特性的背景中时，它们更有效。仅在十字花科植物中存在的 EFR 模式识别受体，可在茄科植物中提供细菌病害控制。关于转录激活子样效应物如何结合 DNA 的知识正在导致触发抗病性的新方法，并在基因组工程中有更广泛的应用。
