Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Mol Pharm. 2011 Jun 6;8(3):635-41. doi: 10.1021/mp1004228. Epub 2011 May 5.
In this review, we introduce the changing public perception of vaccines and immunotherapy in cancer treatments. We discuss the roles that different immunosuppressive cells play in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypes are discussed in depth. Additionally, the role that myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and T regulatory cells (Tregs) play in the tumor microenvironment is addressed. Highlighted are examples of therapies used against each suppressive cell type, which vary from the hypothetical to the ineffective; the inefficient to the successful. A variety of treatments have been tried to combat this fundamental problem, indeed the cause that allows cancerous mutated cells to survive, multiply and overtake the body. Efficient methods to disable each particular suppressive type of cell have been introduced; this review summarizes the discussion with a table to guide future development. We see gene therapy as the most innovative and flexible method to lead the charge to specifically modifying the tumor microenvironment.
在这篇综述中，我们介绍了公众对癌症治疗中疫苗和免疫疗法的看法的变化。我们讨论了不同的免疫抑制细胞在肿瘤微环境中所起的作用。深入讨论了肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）和 M1 和 M2 巨噬细胞表型。此外，还讨论了髓系来源的抑制细胞（MDSC）和调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）在肿瘤微环境中的作用。强调了针对每种抑制性细胞类型的治疗方法的例子，这些方法从假设到无效；从无效到成功。已经尝试了各种治疗方法来对抗这个根本问题，实际上是导致癌变突变细胞能够存活、繁殖并超越身体的原因。已经引入了有效的方法来禁用每种特定的抑制性细胞类型；这篇综述通过一个表格来总结讨论，以指导未来的发展。我们认为基因治疗是最具创新性和灵活性的方法，可以专门修饰肿瘤微环境。
